![]() So whether you're using a producer tag for branding or applying it as an audio watermark for protection, we strongly recommend all producers upload a tag to their producer profile. Whether to cache and re-use the JMS session and producer object instead of. For all queues and topics, OneAgent measures the number of Incoming. Inbound - Whether the transport can receive inbound events and can be used. Your producer tag will then be placed throughout your beat sample when it’s being streamed to protect you from music piracy. With Dynatrace, you can get full observability into your producer and consumer. The good news is that once you upload your producer tag to your profile, UnitedMasters will automatically apply it as an audio watermark to all beats available for free download in the the Beat Exchange. This way, if someone does steal one of your beats, it’s easier for the producer to identify the culprit and collect damages for copyright infringement. Watermarks should be strategically placed throughout a song to make it impossible to create a finished track from a beat sample. ![]() Using audio watermarks is one way to prevent beat jacking as producers promote their sound to the public.Īudio watermarks don’t have to be the same as your producer tag, but they can be. Sharing beat samples, previewing beats to buyers, and collaborating with artists all present opportunities for someone to steal your beat without purchasing a beat license. Be bold and tie it back to who you are as a producer.Īs much as producer tags are for branding, audio watermarks are a protection mechanism for producers who sell their beats online. ![]() Look for something that feels organic to the beat, but still stands out so you get the recognition. ![]() Treat each beat differently and look for the right place to introduce your tag. They produce only masterpiecesEspecially the SM tracks Chefs kiss I hope You enjoyed the Video. Integrate your tag strategically within a specific beat or track to make it feel unique to each individual creation. My favorite Producers with LDN Noise together. You only have a few seconds to make an impression. Using a consistent tag or tag format will help fans recognize your brand across all of your beats.Ĭapture a listener’s attention right off the bat. Too many tags could confuse listeners and future fans. Here are a few recommendations for making your producer tag as memorable as these top tags.Ĭreate only 1-2 tags. Louddaa and Napji’s unheralded rise straight to the industry’s zenith and Dunnie, championing the course for women in production.Take a look at some of the hottest, most recognizable producer tags in the game. Explore the latest videos from hashtags: producertagchallenge, populercrectortag. Watch popular content from the following creators: (eymnasyrf), haechan’s gf(shiningsuh), yuji simp(definitelynotsigh), (mingibingle), KVIBES(officialkvibes). Dunnie’s “Legend o!” Telz’s “Funkula”, London’s “London” are some of the most highly appraised at the moment.įrom Yung Willis tapping the South African subgenre, amapiano and scoring double hits with “Highway” and “Squander” to Ransom Beatz using tech to champion his career through Youtube and BeatStars, co-producing “Yaya” by 6ix9ine. Discover short videos related to demjointz producer tag on TikTok. ![]() Adding to their visual identity and now going after what they rightfully deserve, Nigerian producers are marking a sonic identity to symbolize their creative ingenuity in a record. These past years have seen producers push the envelope, creating sounds that transcend the continent with relatively minimal resources. From “Galala” to “Shaku Shaku” and “Zanku”, producers have played a major role in the evolution of Nigerian music as a global phenomenon. The likes of Don Jazzy, Masterkraft, and Sarz encouraged the long overdue inclusion of producers in the conversation around Nigerian music. Acknowledgment header is present in the inbound message. Planned Route 'Seeds Received from an Oregon. Fill out the New Incoming Transfer as shown below: Transfer Type 'Receipt of Seeds from Location in Oregon'. It doesn't sound dope, it sounds desperate and narcisistic. Unknown Kafka producer or consumer properties provided through this configuration are filtered. Follow the path to create a new External transfer: If you do not see External Transfers as an option in your drop-down Transfer menu, contact for assistance. Ofc the computergenerated wouldn't sound like dj khaled. With their finesse and creativity, these artists have championed sounds that enjoy global praise. For example DJ Khaled is calling his name everytime at the start of a track, that is a producer tag so the beat can't be stolen and has is again recognition. Producers are unsung heroes in the Nigerian music industry. ![]()
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![]() ![]() ![]() The ingredients of the dip are revealed to be turpentine, benzene, and acetone, which are all paint thinners commonly used to erase animation cells (in other words, wipe out cartoon characters). Who Framed Roger Rabbit subverts the old maxim about cartoon characters never dying by introducing the one thing that proves fatal to the lot: a liquid concoction known as “ dip.” There is actually a bit of science behind this plot device. Fleischer delivered all of his lines from inside the suit, claiming that it helped both him and costar Hoskins immerse within the fantastical world of the film (even though Fleischer admits that Hoskins initially thought he was out of his mind). Voice actor Charles Fleischer was so devoted to his role as the animated title character that he asked the costume department to create a full-body Roger Rabbit suit for him to wear on set. CHARLES FLEISCHER ACTUALLY DRESSED UP LIKE ROGER RABBIT WHEN PERFORMING HIS LINES. Prompted by a suggestion from Zemeckis, Lloyd does not blink even once while onscreen in the film. LLOYD WAS MORE TERRIFYING THANKS TO ONE SIMPLE TRICK. Also in early contention: Roddy McDowell, Eddie Deezen, and Sting. CHRISTOPHER LLOYD WASN'T THE FILMMAKERS' FIRST CHOICE EITHER.īefore landing on Zemeckis’s Back to the Future colleague Christopher Lloyd as the nefarious Judge Doom, producers considered Tim Curry (who they deemed too scary), John Cleese (not scary enough), and Christopher Lee (who turned the role down). Other names tossed around included Robert Redford, Jack Nicholson, Sylvester Stallone, Wallace Shawn, Ed Harris, and Charles Grodin. Among those considered for the curmudgeonly private eye were Harrison Ford (who was too expensive), Chevy Chase (who was not interested in the part), and Bill Murray (who allegedly never got the message and was dismayed to learn he had missed such an opportunity). ![]() BOB HOSKINS WAS NOT THE FIRST PICK FOR EDDIE VALIANT.ĭirector Robert Zemeckis and producer Steven Spielberg communicated with a number of big name actors in regard to the casting of human protagonist Detective Eddie Valiant. The film’s credits ran for over 10 minutes, even without attribution for Jessica Rabbit’s voice actor, Kathleen Turner. Recognizing a cast and crew of just over 800, Who Framed Roger Rabbit featured the longest closing credit reel ever upon its release. THE FILM ALSO BROKE THE RECORD FOR LONGEST END CREDITS. Roger Rabbit held the designation until July 1991, ultimately falling to Terminator 2: Judgment Day, which cost $100 million. It topped the previous record holder, Rambo III (which had come out less than a month earlier), by about $12 million. IT WAS THE MOST EXPENSIVE MOVIE EVER MADE.Īt the time of its release on June 22, 1988, Who Framed Roger Rabbit boasted the highest budget of any film to date: a whopping $70 million (nearly $150 million in today's dollars). Here are a few interesting nuggets about the cartoon-live action classic, on the 30th anniversary of its release. As both a groundbreaking feat for the world of animation and an enjoyable crime comedy, Who Framed Roger Rabbit stands in a class all its own. ![]() ![]() ![]() All empty lines, and all text on a line after a, will be ignored. The configuration file consists of a set of lines. Use any one of the methods for loading kernel modules. SR-IOV allows a device, such as a network adapter to have separate access to its resources among various hardware functions. You need to edit the file named /etc/modules or put a new config file in /etc/modules-load.d/ directory. Single root I/O virtualization (SR-IOV) allows a physical function to appear as multiple, separate vNICs. Since every xen domain uses at least two (one for the data and one for the swap) this number is. Using the blacklist Command By default the loop driver supports a maximum of 8 loop devices. Given where we are on the RHEL6 release map, it doesn't get much better than it is now. vMX on KVM supports single-root I/O virtualization (SR-IOV) interface types. time, add the following entry to the file, which is located in the / etc/ directory. The further down the lifespan road we travel within any RHEL release, the less tinkering there is within the kernel, so the less likely it is that a kABI-tracking kmod package will require rebuilding after a point release update. The official documentation regarding system configuration can be found at. In reality this very rarely happens within a given point release, but can more commonly occur moving from one point release to another. On Ubuntu 20.04, Fedora 33-36, or Debian Bullseye/Buster (via backports). That said, breakage only occurs when RH change the ABI of a particular kernel symbol that driver uses. However, in reality, most drivers use kernel symbols that are not on the whitelist so have the potential for kABI breakage. Depending on your system configuration, number of slots, etc., it is impossible to predict in all cases where. NOTE: Caution must be used in loading the driver with these parameters. modprobe ixgbe maxvfs2,4 This will spawn 2 VFs on the first port and 4 VFs on the second port. RH publishes a kABI whitelist, and if a driver (module) only uses kernel symbols on that whitelist then it should, in theory, never need rebuilding for kernel updates throughout the lifespan of RHEL. modprobe ixgbe maxvfs4 This will spawn 4 VFs on the first port. You get articles that match your needs You can efficiently read back useful. modules Register as a new user and use Qiita more conveniently. I had this same issue on ubuntu server and I had to blacklist everything related to the IGD to stop the host claiming back the IGD.Kind of correct. rootdebian-armhf: ls -ltr /etc/modules-load.d/ total 0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 nf ->. Instead it reactivates the i915 module again on the host. I use /etc/modprobe.d/nf to store all my module options. ![]() conf in /etc/modprobe.d, ideally a file of your own. But when I passthrough the IGD, it doesn't passthrough to the VM. That doesn’t mean you can’t set your HDA options those can go in any file with a name ending in. When adding the vfio-pci ids adding to kernel command line, it does not load the i915 driver, but the vfio-pci instead. SR-IOV is enabled from BIOS, the NIC are Intel X550, I added inteliommuon to /etc/default/grub and also tried using modprobe. # This file contains the names of kernel modules that should be loaded Im having issues on creating VF with ubuntu 18.04. # /etc/modules: kernel modules to load at boot time. GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="kvm.ignore_msrs=1 intel_iommu=on cat /etc/modules ![]() ![]() ![]() As an homage to the $20 Liberty Saint-Gaudens' design, the Gold Eagles contain the same obverse design as the Pre-1933 gold relic. American Gold Eagles: The most sought after gold bullion coin, the Gold Eagles contain 22-karat gold purity and are available in a variety of sizes: 1 oz, 1/2 oz, 1/4 oz, and 1/10 oz.999 pure gold, wherein the Canadian Gold Maple or the Australian Gold Kangaroo are. Each gold coin carries a monetary value, depending on the nation's fiat currency, and are struck with the minimum of. Gold coins are offered beyond just the 1 oz incremental size. Not only do federal governments produce gold coins but there are a number of trustworthy, world renown private mints that do as well. Most larger countries are modern producers of gold coins, while many countries who have been producing them for centuries. ![]() Many collectors will use mintage as a guide when choosing gold coins to collect. Gold coins offer a unique investment opportunity as you are not only investing in the metal itself, but also the scarcity or rarity of the coin. Another reason gold coins are so popular, among investors, is that there is rarely a shortage of production since most gold bullion coins are minted yearly and according to demand. ![]() This is the case for numerous reasons, one being that gold coins not only contain the intrinsic value of gold but also carry the value of its weight and gold purity, which both are backed by central banks throughout the world. By far, Gold Bullion Coins are the most asked about gold bullion products we sell. ![]() ![]() One of Zelda's unique traits is her love for water. But she's already house trained, crate trained, and knows basic commands! She’s smart too, with her exceptional intelligence, Zelda quickly grasps new commands and tricks, making her an ideal candidate for advanced training. Her enthusiasm for games is infectious, and she will keep you entertained for sure. She has an insatiable love for fetching and will happily chase after a ball, and most times bring it back, she’s learning to release too. Zelda's has several favorite pastimes, one is playing ball. She loves sharing her the joy with all in her family. She’s in a foster home with kids ages 6, 11, & 15. She loves to make new friends and play with other dogs, as well as cats too! Her friendly and gentle demeanor makes her an excellent companion for families with kids of all ages. Zelda is a social butterfly who adores the company of people and other animals. This adorable pup is seeking a forever home where she can thrive and bring joy to her new family. Zelda, the playful and intelligent canine companion you've been searching for! Zelda is a lovable and happy dog who will steal your heart with her playful antics and endearing personality. I'm sure she will make a perfect addition to your family!!! ![]() She has made a flawless entry into my home and she's ready for new adventures. In the evening she curls up in my lap and she has to have a blankie to suck on as sort of a pacifier. When not tending to toys or blowing bubbles, Miss Maya is a good lover of her humans. She loves going for car rides! Maya is a water dog! Maya spends a good deal of time rolling and splashing in her drinking water!! She likes to “dive” and blow bubbles. Her favorite pastimes are playing with other dog, chewing on bones and taking a snooze in the sun. She is not protective over food or toys. She luuuvs to talk to you!!! She is great with all dogs! She has a lot of energy and I can see her being a great hiking buddy. She is about 4 yrs old but I can tell you she acts like a playful pup still. Maya is such a darling and a joy to have. ![]() Imagine Peace For Pups saved her just in time! She found herself in the Porterville City Animal Shelter about to be euthanized. īeautiful Maya was abandoned on the streets of Porterville. ![]() She sleeps on the same bed with the cat at her foster home. Good In A Home With:Other dogs, she is great with the 4 & 6 yo kids at the current foster home. ABOUT:Characteristics:Friendly, Smart, Funny, Happy, Playful, Athletic ![]() ![]() ![]() You can find numerous hotels in Philadelphia under different categories and Home2 Suites by Hilton Philadelphia Convention Center is one the best hotel under its category. There you can find the answers of the questions asked by some of our users about this property. For more detailed information about this hotel, you can check the Questions & Answers section as well on Goibibo. Also, we recommend that guests must go through traveller reviews and ratings posted by fellow travellers on the Goibibo platform to ensure that Home2 Suites by Hilton Philadelphia Convention Center is best suited for them. What our guests think With an overall rating of 4.0 out of 5 (1 Ratings) 100% have rated it good. The Hotel has standard Check-In time as 04:00 PM and Check-Out time as 11:00 AM. A smooth check-in/check-out process, flexible policies and friendly management garner great customer satisfaction for this property. From all the Budget hotels in Philadelphia, Home2 Suites by Hilton Philadelphia Convention Center is very much popular among the tourists. /rebates/&.com252fHotelReview-g60795-d4008416-Reviews-or25-Home2SuitesbyHiltonPhiladelphiaConventionCenterPA-PhiladelphiaPennsylvania. Hotel is rated 4.0 out of 5, which is considered as very good. It is located in Center City.This Hotel stands out as one of the highly recommended hotel in Philadelphia and is recommended by 100% of our guests. HOME2 SUITES BY HILTON PHILADELPHIA - CONVENTION CENTER, PA in Philadelphia located at 1200 Arch Street. I will not stay at that hotel again.Overview Home2 Suites by Hilton Philadelphia Convention Center is a great choice for travellers looking for a budget accomodation in Philadelphia. Home2 Suites by Hilton Philadelphia - Convention Center, PA. I complained about mold on the shower door which was cleaned. All the clothing, used and unused went immediately to wash. ![]() When I arrived home, We left our luggage in the garage and patiently and carefully checked each piece of clothing and every corner of the suitcase and bags. We did not use the drawers and did not use any of the dishes. Page Home2 Suites by Hilton Philadelphia Convention Center Home2 Suites by. From the minute, I brought my luggage into the room, our luggage was on the table until we checked out. /rebates/6147271.Hotel-Information&. This is the Japanese version o Home2 Suites by Hilton Abilene is located off. On the day of checkout, my husband opened the dishwasher and saw a roach running inside over the dishes. See 2,246 traveler reviews, 625 candid photos, and great deals for Home2 Suites by Hilton Philadelphia - Convention Center, PA, ranked 49 of 98 hotels in Philadelphia and rated 4 of 5 at Tripadvisor. /rebates/&.com252fHotelReview-g60795-d4008416-Reviews-or10-Home2SuitesbyHiltonPhiladelphiaConventionCenterPA-PhiladelphiaPennsylvania. The next day my husband told me that he killed a roach crawling on the floor. Now 160 (Was 193) on Tripadvisor: Home2 Suites by Hilton Philadelphia - Convention Center, PA, Philadelphia. My husband tried to kill it and it ran under the refrigerator. However, the next morning, as we were going out and opened the door, a roach ran in. When I arrived about 30 minutes later with my luggage, there was one roll of toilet of paper in the room and the dishwasher was running. She apologized and said she would send someone. Hotel Details for Home2 Suites by Hilton Philadelphia - Convention Center, PA > 17.73 miles. Book direct for the best price and free cancellation. Read real family reviews before you book and browse candid photos and detailed information for the Home2 Suites by Hilton Philadelphia - Convention Center. Search by destination, check the latest prices, or use the interactive map to find the location for your next stay. Immediately, I went downstairs and told one of the receptionist what I saw. Explore Home2 Suites Hotels in Glen Mills, PA. ![]() Then, I went to use the bathroom and there was no toilet paper. There was a roach running on the inside of the door which I closed immediately. I tried to turn it off and then opened the door. However, upon arriving in my room I heard a beeping sound and noticed that the dishwasher was the source of the sound. Check in was easy and the staff was courteous and friendly. ![]() ![]() ![]() While the pass rate number is important, Meyer-Paterson also feels that at Pensacola State College, her students are more than just a number. “It’s a real, legitimate medical degree and it’s harder than anything you’ll ever have to do on the human side because you have so many different types of animals that you have to work with.” “Be prepared to really put in some serious studying,” said Gaskill. She credits her Pensacola State instructors with challenging her to be her best. Katherine Gaskill, a 2018 Pensacola State Veterinary Technology graduate, passed the VTNE in July and is now employed as an intensive care unit nurse at Oklahoma State University’s Boren Veterinary Medical Hospital. She pointed out that out of a total of 64 total Pensacola State Veterinary Technology program graduates since 2013, there are only four who are not employed in the career field. “The advising doesn’t end with graduation,” added Meyer-Paterson. Employment of veterinary technologists and technicians is projected to grow 20 percent from 2016 to 2026, much faster than the average for all occupations. ![]() “Our graduates have above-average wages – they are very excited to tell me what they make,” she said.Īccording to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the median annual wage for veterinary technologists and technicians was $33,400 in May 2017. Keeping up with her students after they graduate is also very important to Meyer-Paterson. “Our pass rate, our curriculum, our faculty, our smaller class-size, the way we treat our students … there could be a lot of reasons that people chose to come to Pensacola State.” She added, “We are not only more affordable, I think that we graduate a high caliber of students.” Meyer-Patterson said that she utilizes feedback from students, faculty and her students’ employers to gauge the program’s success and to continually look for ways to improve. “Interested parties that want to see what caliber of curriculum and what caliber of a program we have can take a look and say, ‘Wow! That is the program that I’m interested in.’” “The pass rate is required by our accrediting body to be updated and reported every year,” said Meyer-Paterson. The high VTNE pass rate is one reason that they chose the College, which shares the updated pass rate on its website. It is the only program of its kind in Northwest Florida, but she said there are also students who chose Pensacola State despite having programs closer to them. Meyer-Paterson said that Pensacola State’s Veterinary Technology program draws students not only locally, but from around the region. “We’ve never been below national average – we’ve always exceeded that.” “There are 11 standards of accreditation through AVMA and we must maintain a VTNE pass rate above 54% in order to maintain our accreditation before they will even start to look at the other standards,” explained Program Director Sarah Meyer-Paterson, CVT. The Veterinary Technology program at Pensacola State is accredited by the American Veterinary Medical Association’s (AVMA) Committee on Veterinary Technical Education and Activities. The mean three-year national pass rate as of April 2018 for the VTNE has been 70.31 percent for first-time takers, according to the American Association of Veterinary State Boards, which proctors the examination. ![]() The VTNE evaluates the competency of entry-level veterinary technicians and requires a passing score for a veterinary technician to be credentialed. More than 77 percent of Pensacola State College Veterinary Technology students who graduated during the period from July 1, 2015, through June 30, 2018, earned a passing score on the Veterinary Technical National Exam (VTNE). ![]() ![]() ![]() Return to Table of Contents Useful performance review phrases Upgrade to our Plan for Professionals to download in PDF or PowerPoint format and access premium features and templates, such as real-time team collaboration and one-click branding. Edit the text, apply your brand colors, add pages, upload your logo and more. ![]() Some templates are free, some are paid.Ĭlick any template and you’ll be asked to sign up for free. It could be annually:ĬREATE THIS REPORT TEMPLATE Q: Can I customize the performance review templates in this post?Ī: Yes, you can! All the templates are easy to edit. The frequency and depth of the review process may vary by company, based on company size and goals of the evaluations. What’s the purpose of a performance review?Ī performance review is a regulated assessment in which managers evaluate an employee’s work performance to identify their strengths and weaknesses, offer feedback and assist with goal setting.Performance review examples and templates. ![]() In this post, I’ll give you tips from my own experience as an HR manager to make the performance review process a lot more painless, plus performance review examples you can customize now.ĬREATE A PERFORMANCE REVIEW Performance review examples and advice: One-sided conversations, mixed messages and wordy documents leave both parties feeling like they have the same, stressful conversation each time.īut if you take the right approach, quarterly or annual performance reviews are an awesome opportunity to reinforce solid habits, redirect poor traits and drive professional growth for your employees. Performance review season can be a daunting period for both management and employees. ![]() ![]() It worked for Axl Rose, right? It worked for Keith fucking Moon and at least three members of Led Zeppelin, right? Ben Franklin did it. If you're in a metal band, and you're on a tour named for a man who once tried to impress Nikki Sixx by snorting a line of ants up his nose, and your band is called Crazy Town, it seems like a logical conclusion to assume that, people want you to drink like an asshole and then act like a chemically unbalanced rockstar, even if you're just a chemically unbalanced dude. Now, I have to side with Se ñor Shellshock on this one (this is a rant, so skip to the next full paragraph if you don't want to take the scenic route). Shellshock was thrown off the tour two weeks in after doing what he no doubt assumed was simply his rockstar duty-throwing furniture through a glass window. ![]() However, this pretending got him into some hot water with the powers that be (most likely Sharon "I'm a horrible person" Osbourne). Shellshock to express himself artistically by cracking open a case of Natty Light, greasing himself up, showing off his pecs and Chinese letter tattoos to hoardes of flabby white men in black t-shirts, and pretending to be a rock star. The band got a spot on the 2000 Ozzfest tour which allowed Mr. ![]() Another faceless attempt at rap-metal, cashing in on the success of superior (but still shitty) bands like Limp Bizkit and Korn and ignoring anything that might make either of those bands special. Unfortunately for Shifty and the gang, the album was nothing special. By Thanksgiving 1999, the group's album, The Gift of Game, was on the shelves of every Sam Goody and Camelot in every galleria in the country. By the late '90s, the duo had recruited a bunch of other dudes who had gelled hair and a truly unnecessary amount of tribal tattoos, christened them with ridiculous, nonsensical names like "SQRL" and "Faydoedeelay", and finagled a record contract out of Columbia Records bosses. What can I possibly say about LA-based rap-rockers Crazy Town that hasn't already said by anyone who has ever laid eyes on the band members (and has a decent sense of humor)? What can I say about their hit "Butterfly" that hasn't been run into the ground by the likes of Hal Sparks or Mo Rocca on VH1's umpteenth talking head list program? The answer is probably nothing, but that's never stopped me before.Īccording to Wikipedia, Crazy Town (who are listed in the genres of "Rapcore," "nu metal" and alternative rock, hip-hop and metal) formed in 1995 after "Epic" (Christian name Bret Mazur) and "Shifty Shellshock" (Seth Binzer) began collaborating on music, but the band did not become "serious"(clearly the Wiki writers got a little loose with the adjectives) about making a go for the big time until several years later. Also included at the bottom are links to some of the "runner up" one-hit wonders.Ĭrazy Town - "Butterfly" (Columbia Records, February 2001 from the album The Gift of Game, 1999) We will discuss the song, the song's legacy and where the band is now. In most cases, these songs are still with us, having taken on a life of their own, with the artist in some cases entirely forgotten. In other words, these songs came out of nowhere, became massive hits and the artists faded into obscurity. Rather, these songs represent the "one-hit wonder" concept better than any other released that year. When I say "best," I don't mean these are my favorite songs or even that they're of the highest quality (though at times both of those things may be true, the opposite is probably true). ![]() Editor's Note: First, let me lay down some ground rules. ![]() ![]() ![]() The GC reaction begins with the activation of a limited number of antigen (Ag)-specific B cells that start to proliferate (clonal expansion) to form the so-called GC dark zone (DZ), as defined by histology staining. These structures are responsible for a process called affinity maturation during which the affinity and specificity of the BcR for the Ag is improved over the course of several weeks. GCs are microanatomical structures found in secondary lymphoid organs and are formed when an adaptive response is initiated. The germinal center (GC) plays a crucial role in the adaptive immune response 1, 2, 3. Results from these simulations guide data interpretation and the design of follow-up experiments. We show that the fraction of plasma cells (PCs) with high B-cell receptor (BcR) mRNA content in the GC does not significantly affect the number of dominant clones derived from single GCs by sequencing BcR mRNAs. Our simulations suggest that low-abundance clones and subclones, might also be of interest since they may have high affinity for the Ag. Our simulations show that there is a limited correlation between clonal abundance and affinity and that there is large affinity variability among same-ancestor (same-clone) subclones. We compare the extent that these simulated repertoires deviate from experimental repertoires established from single GCs, blood, or tissue. Here, we present an extension of a multiscale model of the germinal center (GC) that we previously developed to gain more insight in B-cell repertoires. To further characterize the identified clones, usually with special attention to the particularly abundant ones (dominant), additional time-consuming or expensive experiments are generally required. Sequencing of B-cell and T-cell immune receptor repertoires helps us to understand the adaptive immune response, although it only provides information about the clonotypes (lineages) and their frequencies and not about, for example, their affinity or antigen (Ag) specificity. Npj Systems Biology and Applications volume 9, Article number: 8 ( 2023) Understanding repertoire sequencing data through a multiscale computational model of the germinal center ![]() |
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